Присоединение к ВТО обострило дискуссию о последствиях для сельхозпроизводителей, которые опасаются, что российские продукты не смогут конкурировать с более дешевыми импортными. В работе представлен анализ мер государственной поддержки сельского хозяйства России и их соответствия новым вызовам. Предложена адаптация мероприятий к требованиям ВТО с учётом мирового опыта как старых, так и недавно присоединившихся членов ВТО.
Среди основных результатов работы система оценки последствий и новые  подходы к институционализации механизмов поддержки, которые решают те же задачи, что и существующие меры, но в рамках не только разрешенных, но и поддерживаемых мировым сообществом направлений. Наиболее перспективной в этом смысле представляется переориентация бюджетных средств на техническое перевооружение, страхование и диверсификации отрасли.

As the recent situation on world food markets has been increasingly volatile and has been associated with relatively higher food prices, contributing to demonstrations and riots across the world, Russia’s agriculture has attracted much attention from economists, experts and policy-makers because they believe that the country could become the world’s largest and most reliable grain producer and exporter. In that context, the aim of this report is to evaluate the role of the Russian Federation towards fulfilling domestic food security and more importantly global food security in the short and medium run. In particular, the study aims at examining if Russian farms could substantially increase further their respective output and export levels. The methodology followed in this report is a bottom-up approach, i.e. going from the farm (i.e. microeconomic level) to the food market (i.e. macroeconomic level), that explicitly considers the analysis of food security at the farm level and therefore complements well other works which study the agri-food sector in Russia at a more aggregated level. The perspective of the report is made possible by the use of a wide range of farm-level databases that are, for most, only available to Russian researchers and allow going into a more disaggregated and detailed level of analysis

This paper examines price and technology differentials between agroholdings and independent farms in two Russian regions: Oryol and Tatarstan. Both organisational forms receive on average the same product prices which indicates that they have the same market access. Moreover, their technologies are also very similar, as estimated by a risk production frontier. However, differences in the factor input between organisational form lead to differences in the shadow prices of the inputs, resulting from the better access of agroholdings to the input markets. The results suggest that production risk, conditions on the product market and inefficiency significantly affect agricultural production. Thus, to improve the conditions, agricultural policy is required to tackle all the issues in parallel using a mix of appropriate policy measures.

The paper is focused on the analyses of the implementation of the interest rate subsides for the loans received by agricultural producers and processors. Problems associated with the large-scale use of this subsidy are highlighted and changes proposed by the government to solve these problems are analyzed. It is concluded that resulting problems are being solved by the State however not to the full extent as long-term obligations of the state remain unchanged. It is proposed to substitute the interest rate subsidy for investment loans by lump sum payments of the 30% of the principal debt.